Nephrolithiasis in Children: Medical Management Gregory E. Tasian I. INTRODUCTION Nephrolithiasis (kidney stone disease) is a disorder of mineral metabolism characterized by acute painful presentations that recur for many patients….
Genitourinary Trauma and Priapism Hubert S. Swana James M. Betts I. INTRODUCTION Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Five percent of all injured children sustain…
Adolescent Urology: Acute Scrotum, Varicoceles, and Delayed Puberty Bruce J. Schlomer I. ACUTE SCROTUM Acute scrotum is defined by clinical presentation involving acute onset of scrotal pain and can include…
Congenital Anomalies: Urachal Anomalies, Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex, Imperforate Anus, Cloaca, and Prune Belly Syndrome Joseph Borer I. URACHAL ANOMALIES See Figure 16-1. A. Background The urachus is a fibrous band of…
Posterior Urethral Valves Laurence S. Baskin I. INTRODUCTION Posterior urethral valves are the most common congenital cause of bladder outlet obstruction, resulting in a spectrum of damage to the entire…
Hydroureteronephrosis: Ureteroceles, Duplications, Ureteral Ectopy Laurence S. Baskin I. DEFINITIONS A. Hydronephrosis: an anatomic entity describing an enlargement or dilation of any portion of the collecting system of the kidney….
Prenatal Urologic Diagnosis and Maternal Counseling Barry A. Kogan I. INTRODUCTION With the advent of the widespread use of prenatal ultrasound in clinical practice, urologic conditions are being diagnosed in…
Spina Bifida/Neurogenic Bladder Ronald S. Sutherland I. INTRODUCTION Neurogenic bladder dysfunction occurs as a result of developmental anomalies, injuries, and disease of the nervous system. Maldevelopment of the spinal cord,…
Constipation and Urologic Conditions Angelique M. Champeau Karla M. Giramonti I. INTRODUCTION There is a strong correlation between constipation and urologic conditions. Constipation should be considered in the following urological…
