1. Obesity, cachexia 2. Varying degrees of impairment of renal function 3. Previous anaesthetic problems 4. Dehydration, acidosis/alkalosis, electrolyte imbalance 5. Paraneoplastic syndromes 6. Diabetes mellitus 7. Cardiac and vascular…
Clinical finding Cause A. Endocrine Hypercalcaemia Tumor release of parathyroid hormone (PT) and parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) causing increased bone reabsorption Hypertension Increased renin secretion activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway…
Other laboratory investigations include renal function studies (creatinine, urea, and electrolytes including magnesium and phosphate), PTH, serum 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and immunoreactive PTH (iPTH). Management Hydration with intravenous normal saline…
A. Primary tumour (T) Tx Primary tumour cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of tumour T1a Tumour ≤4 cm in maximal dimension, limited to the kidney T1b Tumour ≥4 cm…
© Springer-Verlag London 2015Vinod H. Nargund, Derek Raghavan and Howard M. Sandler (eds.)Urological Oncology10.1007/978-0-85729-482-1_10 10. Diet and GU Cancers Ali Panah1 and Chandran Tanabalan1 (1) Department of Urology, Homerton University Hospital NHS Trust, Homerton Row, London, E9 6SR,…
Organ No. of cases in 2012 (in 1,000s) Percent of all cancers Prostate 1,112 7.9 Testis 55 0.4 Kidney 338 2.4 Bladder 430 3.1 Based on data from Ref. [2]…
© Springer-Verlag London 2015Vinod H. Nargund, Derek Raghavan and Howard M. Sandler (eds.)Urological Oncology10.1007/978-0-85729-482-1_2 2. Experimental Urological Oncology: Cellular, Molecular, and Animal Prabhakar Rajan1 and Hing Yip Leung2 (1) Institue of Cancer Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Strathclyde, UK…
, Said Abdallah Al-Mamari1 and Salim Said Al-Busaidy1 (1) Urology Department, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman Said Abdallah Al-Mamari Email: sabdal67@yahoo.com 29.1 Prostate Cancer 1. An 88-year-old man develops castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after…
Fig. 16.1 Clinical behaviour and management of a T1a renal mass [1, 2] SRMs are slow growing, and the average growth rate of RCC is 0.28 cm/year. They seldom progress…
Fig. 6.1 (a, b) Laparoscopic views of peritoneal carcinomatosis with the characteristic numerous white nodules on both parietal and visceral peritoneum (This was seen 2 months after a history of…
