Abdominal Key

Overall Bottom Line Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an inherited disease primarily affecting the lungs and liver, which is most often due to a defect in the release of AAT…

Overall Bottom Line HIV co-infection accelerates both hepatitis C and hepatitis B natural history leading to faster progression to and increased incidence of cirrhosis, HCC and death. HIV/HCV co-infected patients…

Overall Bottom Line HRS is a potentially reversible functional renal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis, advanced liver failure and portal hypertension. There is no specific diagnostic test for HRS. The…

Overall Bottom Line PBC is a slowly progressive autoimmune liver disease that causes destruction to the small- and medium-sized intrahepatic bile ducts. Most patients with PBC are diagnosed after abnormal…

Overall Bottom Line PPHTN is the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the setting of portal hypertension. The cause is unknown but appears to be related to cytokine-induced remodeling of…

Overall Bottom Line The risk of malnutrition is shown to correlate with severity of disease in cirrhotic patients. PEM is frequently found in decompensated cirrhotic patients at the time of…

Overall Bottom Line HH is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the HFE gene leading to increased iron absorption and deposition of iron in various organs, including the…

Overall Bottom Line HCV is a major healthcare problem with an estimated 180 million people affected worldwide. It remains a leading cause for liver transplantation in the USA and accounts…

Overall Bottom Line SBP is observed predominantly in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Gram-negative aerobic bacteria are causative in approximately 80% of patients, anaerobic bacteria occur in no more than 5%…

Overall Bottom Line AH represents a clinicopathologic spectrum of liver disease, ranging from mild to a severe, life-threatening injury in patients who drink to excess. AH is typically characterized by…