Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Ureteroscopic Biopsy and Specimen Preparation
Fig. 1.1 A retrograde with 30 % iodinated contrast mildly dilates and clearly outlines the ureter and the filling defect of the 3 cm neoplasm Unless there is a finding…
Fig. 1.1 A retrograde with 30 % iodinated contrast mildly dilates and clearly outlines the ureter and the filling defect of the 3 cm neoplasm Unless there is a finding…
Fig. 2.1 A 64 year old male presents with right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. A right upper quadrant ultrasound (not shown) demonstrated right hydronephrosis. Axial (a) and…
Fig. 12.1 Anatomy of the upper urinary tract demonstrating the anatomical restrictions in the upper urinary tract. The intramural ureter is compressed as it runs through the bladder wall and…
Fig. 6.1 Typical ureteroscopic appearance of a small papillary low grade tumor in the renal pelvis Accurate staging of upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma is challenging. CT evaluation alone…
Fig. 3.1 Ureteral aspirate from a patient with a low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma of the ureter. Tumor cells have slightly enlarged and crowded nuclei. (a) Thinprep, Papanicolaou stain ×400….
Series N Country Male/female ratio Age on presentation West Margulis et al. (2009) [1] 1,363 N. America West Europe 2.1/1 69.7 Audenet (2012) [44] 1,122 France 2.3/1 70.4 Shariat et…
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Michael Grasso III and Demetrius H. Bagley (eds.)Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma10.1007/978-3-319-13869-5_5 5. Surgical Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma– Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Approaches to Nephroureterectomy and Outcomes Marc J. Mann1,…
Group (year) Patients (renal units) Route Initial positive response Recurrence Follow up (months) Side effects/complications Studer [14] (1989) 8 (10) Antegrade 4/8 (50 %) 2/8 (25 %) 18–28 Life-threatening septicaemia…