Abdominal Key

Abdominal, flank, or pelvic pain Vomiting Abdominal distention, bloating, or increased girth Evaluation for and follow-up of bowel obstruction or nonobstructive ileus Constipation Diarrhea Palpable abdominal mass or organomegaly Follow-up…

Fig. 21.1 Relationship of pelvic structures to presacral space This space extends superiorly to the peritoneal reflection and inferiorly to the rectosacral fascia and the supralevator space. Laterally, the area…

Fig. 29.1 Continent ileostomy. (a) Three limbs of small bowel are measured, and the bowel wall is sutured together. (b) After opening the bowel (see the dotted lines in a),…

Fig. 34.1 Endoscopic appearance of gonococcal proctitis. Notice the mucopurulent discharge Culture for N. gonorrhoeae requires a Thayer–Martin chocolate agar and remains the “gold standard” for diagnosis. Antimicrobial treatment must…

Fig. 37.1 Colorectal cancer viewed broadly Non-syndromic hereditary colorectal cancer refers to familial clustering that does not fit criteria for the definition of a syndrome and no germ line mutation…

Symptom Differential diagnoses Pain Thrombosed hemorrhoids, fissure, abscess, fistula, pruritus, anorectal Crohn’s disease, anismus, abscess Bleeding Internal or external hemorrhoids, fissure, fistula, hypertrophic papilla, polyps, anal or colorectal cancer, ulcerative…

Fig. 7.1 Five-layer anatomic model of an ERUS scan. Three hyperechoic (white) layers and two hypoechoic (black) layers are visualized. A anterior, L left, P posterior, R right, T transducer…

Fig. 50.1 Transanal procedure. (a) Exposure and placing traction sutures. (b) Start full thickness rectal dissection above pectinate line. (c) Pulling rectosigmoid down Full-thickness biopsies are taken to determine the…

Fig. 36.1 Endoscopic appearance of a pedunculated adenoma Fig. 36.2 Endoscopic appearance of a sessile adenoma (Courtesy of Roberta L. Muldoon) Adenomas are classified as tubular, villous, or tubulovillous. The…