Authors (year) [ref.] Study year Patients Follow-up (median; mo) Antiviral agent after HBIG withdraw (no. of patients) Antiviral agent (HBIG continued; no. of patients) HBV recurrence (%) Buit, 2007 [97]…
Fig. 3.1 (a) Four overlapping open reading frames of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were analyzed. Position: “1p/3preS2” means the nucleotide position is codon 1 in polymerase gene and codon 3…
Fig. 16.1 The life cycle of hepatitis B virus (HBV) Fig. 16.2 Mechanisms of action of NUC and IFN First and Second Generation NUC in Naïve Patients Lamivudine LMV was…
Fig. 6.1 Cellular life cycle of HBV. The figure shows a model for the life cycle of hepadnaviruses (adapted from ref. [72]; for a detailed description see ref. [72]). Briefly,…
Fig. 5.1 HBV carcinogenesis . HBV contributes to HCC by (a) insertional mutagenesis due to integration of the viral DNA into host chromosomes; (b) increased genomic instability caused by both…
Fig. 13.1 Schematic representation of the main mechanisms leading in the control of HBV activities and potentially involved in OBI occurrence. In particular, mechanisms related to host’s adaptive (functionally efficient…
Fig. 1.1 HBV DNA structure and genome organization. The inner circle represents the virion rcDNA, and the dashes represent the region of the (+) strand DNA that is yet to…
Fig. 11.1 Serological course of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The initial immune tolerant phase is characterized by a high level of HBV replication, HBeAg positivity, and a normal ALT….
Fig. 14.1 Hepatitis B life cycle, showing nuclear and cytoplasmic stages of HBV infection and sites of action for current and future HBV treatments Two forms of RNA molecule are…
Fig. 9.1 GlobalHepatitis B Prevalence 2005 (adults 19–45 years old). Source: J.J. Ott et al./Vaccine 30 (2012) 2212–2219 About 60 % of the global population lives in areas of high…
