Treatment of Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms
MD-IPMNs Ideally, all main-duct and mixed variant IPMNs should be resected (in patients who are good surgical candidates with reasonable life expectancy) BD-IPMN Resection is indicated in the presence of…
Prognosis and Follow-Up
© Springer-Verlag Italia 2015George H. Sakorafas, Vassileios Smyrniotis and Michael G. Sarr (eds.)Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms10.1007/978-88-470-5708-1_7 7. Prognosis and Follow-Up George H. Sakorafas1 , Vassileios Smyrniotis2 and Michael G. Sarr3 (1) Department of Surgical Oncology, Saint Savvas Cancer Hospital, Arkadias 19-21, Athens, 11526,…
Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus Due to Cancer Chemotherapy and Other Immunosuppressive Drug Therapy
NIH system [15] University of Toronto System [16] Current authors Grade Features Grade Hepatic features Grade Immuno-suppression Grade Features 1, Silent Without change in ALT H0 No hepatitis, ALT <2 × ULN…
Immunoprophylaxis of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Its Sequelae
Without immunoprophylaxis With immunoprophylaxis at infancy Infant of HBsAg(+), HBeAg(+) mother >95 % infected, ≥90 % chronicity ratea among infected infants [6] Vaccine + HBIG → 10 % chronic infection [54] Infant of…
Natural History of HBV Infection in the Community
Fig. 12.1 (a) Prevalence of HBsAg, detectable HBV DNA, and HBeAg in the REVEAL-HBV cohort by age. (b) Mean serum levels of HBV DNA and HBsAg among HBsAg seropositives in…
Organ Transplantation in HBV-Infected Patients
Authors (year) [ref.] Study year Patients Follow-up (median; mo) Antiviral agent after HBIG withdraw (no. of patients) Antiviral agent (HBIG continued; no. of patients) HBV recurrence (%) Buit, 2007 [97]…
Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes
Fig. 3.1 (a) Four overlapping open reading frames of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were analyzed. Position: “1p/3preS2” means the nucleotide position is codon 1 in polymerase gene and codon 3…
Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Based Therapy and Management of Patients
Fig. 16.1 The life cycle of hepatitis B virus (HBV) Fig. 16.2 Mechanisms of action of NUC and IFN First and Second Generation NUC in Naïve Patients Lamivudine LMV was…
Hepatitis B Virus: Persistence and Clearance
Fig. 6.1 Cellular life cycle of HBV. The figure shows a model for the life cycle of hepadnaviruses (adapted from ref. [72]; for a detailed description see ref. [72]). Briefly,…
Pathobiology of Hepatitis B Virus-Induced Carcinogenesis
Fig. 5.1 HBV carcinogenesis . HBV contributes to HCC by (a) insertional mutagenesis due to integration of the viral DNA into host chromosomes; (b) increased genomic instability caused by both…
