Retroperitoneal Tumors
Fig. 6.1 Schematic diagram of retroperitoneal anatomy at the level of the kidneys. The retroperitoneum is subdivided into the three distinct compartments: the anterior pararenal (APS), the perirenal (PRS), and…
Tumors of the Male Genitalia
Fig. 4.1 Normal MR imaging of the scrotum. (a) On T2-weighted sagittal image through the right scrotum, the epididymis (arrowheads) shows low signal intensity compared to the high signal intensity…
Children’s Kidney and Urinary Tract Congenital Anomalies
Cause Transient hydronephrosis Physiologic hydronephrosis UPJS VUR Megaureter (obstructed and nonobstructed) MCDK Ureterocele Renal cysts Ectopic ureter Prune belly syndrome Urethral atresia Urachus cysts Extrarenal causes Ovarian cyst Hydrocolpos Sacrococcygeal…
The Testicles: Trauma, Inflammation and Testicular Torsion
Fig. 41.1 At longitudinal greyscale ultrasound evaluation, the right twisted testis appears enlarged and oedematous with initial diffuse hypoechogenicity compared to the left healthy testis After 4 h, the testis…
Ultrasound-Guided Treatment of Prostate Cancer: High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
Fig. 32.1 Prof. W. Fry In the 1980s, Lizzi proposed a machine that used focused ultrasound for the treatment of glaucoma and intraocular neoplasms (which was rapidly substituted by a…
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney
US renal cyst classification 1. Simple 2. Complex or atypical Calcification Septa Intracystic lesion and wall thickness 3. Cysts of the renal sinus Parapelvic Peripelvic Table 4.2 Cystic kidney diseases…
US Contrast Media in Andrology
Fig. 54.1 Complex cyst type 3 (a). CEUS demonstrates thick septa of the cyst (b) Renal clear cell carcinoma is the most common renal malignancy, and it is the lesion…
Prostate and Seminal Vesicles: Ultrasound Anatomy and Scanning Methods
Fig. 20.1 Traditional convex probe with 3.5 MHz frequency The quality of the images is related to the number, dimensions, and structure of the crystals and to the scan converter….
The Testicles: Cystic Lesions
Fig. 39.1 Epididymal cyst/spermatocele. Longitudinal ultrasonographic image showing an anechoic lesion with well-defined margins in the head of the epididymis (asterisk) Very large epididymal cysts may occasionally be difficult to…
Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Disease of the Bladder
Fig. 35.1 Historical image of transurethral US of the bladder. The picture demonstrates two small intraluminal bladder masses. Bladder wall is easily identified, showing that one of the bladder mass…
