Anatomic Basis of Colonoscopy
Fig. 2.1 Pseudopolyps and diverticuli . This is a picture taken during evaluation of the sigmoid colon in a patient with long-standing ulcerative colitis. Note the inflammatory appearance of the…
Future Endoscopic Tools and Platforms for Endoluminal Surgery
Fig. 23.1 Computer-mediated automatic insufflation unit for flexible GI endoscopy (GW-200, Fujifilm Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) Fig. 23.2 The SPACE system Fig. 23.3 Add-on insufflation line (Impact Shooter, Top Corporation, Tokyo,…
Endoluminal Colorectal Stenting
Fig. 19.1 Rectal stent in a 97-year-old woman Stenting with Palliative Intent Patients with acute colonic obstruction and synchronous metastatic disease pose specific challenges. Such patients often present in a…
How to Recognize, Characterize, and Manage Premalignant and Malignant Colorectal Polyps
Fig. 12.1 Molecular pathways of colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. CIN and hereditary MSI pathways are genomic instability pathways and CIMP is an epigenomic instability pathway. CIMP CpG island methylation phenotype,…
Combined Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Surgery (CELS)
Adult or pediatric colonoscope with monitor (CO2 insufflation if available) Methylene blue diluted with albumin Endoscopic injector needle Endoscopic snare Endoscopic Roth net (US Endoscopy, Mentor, OH) Suction trap Bovie…
Endoscopic Mucosal Dissection
Indications for colorectal ESD 1. Large (>20 mm in diameter) lesions amenable to endoscopic submucosal resection and in which en bloc endoscopic mucosal resection is difficult Laterally spreading tumor-nongranular: particularly…
Difficult Colonoscopy: Tricks and New Techniques for Getting to the Cecum
Fig. 11.1 (a) This is a schematic 3-dimensional map generated from a CT colonography in a patient with a difficult colonoscopy. Notice the acute angulation in the pelvic colon and…
Current Endoluminal Approaches: Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery, Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery and Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision
Fig. 22.1 Patient positioning for TES and operative setup. Patients are most commonly placed in high lithotomy position (a). The TEO platform is inserted and secured to the operating table…
Advanced Endoscopic Imaging: Polyps and Dysplasia Detection
NICE criterion Type 1 Type 2 Color Same or lighter than background Browner relative to background Vessels None or Isolated lacy vessels Brown vessels surrounding white structures Surface pattern Dark…
How to Avoid Complications/Treatment of Endoscopic Complications
Fig. 20.1 Endoscopic clipping of polypectomy site. (a) Large polyp, subsequently removed with snare polypectomy. (b) Polyp site after endoscopic clip placement. With permission from the personal library of Manoj…
