1. The purpose of VA construction 2. The method of VA construction (surgical procedure) and pre-surgical examinations 3. Introduction to the surgeon and assistant 4. Method of anesthesia 5. Time of operation 6. What to be…
Fig. 7.1 Targets of anticoagulants within the coagulation cascade Application of heparin during hemodialysis requires an initial loading dose and followed by a maintenance dose. Although the heparin dosage has…
Confirmation of the past of the abdominal surgery (standard laparotomy/laparoscopic surgery, decision of the insertion part) Decision of exit site position (standard abdominal position/previous fort/lower fort/upper abdominal wall/other special exit)…
Fig. 15.1 A schematic concept of Kt/V urea and creatinine clearance . D dialysate, P plasma, V urea volume of distribution of urea, CrCl creatinine clearance, Cr creatinine, BSA body…
Fig. 11.1 A sagittal section through the abdomen. Visceral and parietal peritoneum is shown, respectively From the viewpoint of the insertion of a peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC) from the anterior…
1. Dialysis dose is expressed by the single-pool Kt/V for urea (spKt/V) 2. Measurement of the dialysis dose is done at least once a month 3. Recommended delivered dialysis dose…
Fig. 10.1 characteristics of diffusion (left) and convection (right). Diffusion is a function of KoA (mass transfer area coefficient) of the dialyzer , Qb (blood flow), and Qd (dialysate flow);…
Fig. 9.1 The step of physiological compensation for hypotension and the related pathologic conditions in each step There are a number of factors that interfere with these compensation mechanisms. Patient…
Fig. 17.1 Hemoperitoneum , probably due to anticoagulant therapy with warfarin in a patient undergoing PD Hemoperitoneum has a wide differential diagnosis (Table 17.1). Menstruation is a common and benign…
Fig. 16.1 Purulent dialysate (Courtesy Yong-Lim Kim, Korea) PD patients presenting with cloudy effluent is presumed to have peritonitis and treated as such until the diagnosis can be confirmed or…
