Management of Concomitant Carotid and Coronary Artery Disease
Key Concepts Print Section Listen Epidemiology Stroke is a major complication of cardiac surgery, with an incidence ranging from 2.1 to 5.2 percent. As many as 22 percent of coronary…
Myocardial Protection
Key Concepts Print Section Listen Cardioplegia markedly reduces oxygen demand in the arrested heart and must be delivered uniformly in sufficient quantity to match this low demand. “Integrated myocardial protection”…
Postoperative Management of the Cardiac Surgical Patient
Key Concepts Print Section Listen Cardiac surgery involves unique anatomic and physiologic stresses that tax the reserve of every organ system. Continuous postoperative surveillance is required for early recognition of…
Diseases and Problems
Anal Fissure (565.0) Print Section Listen Overview Anal fissures are frequent, simple to diagnose, and often overlooked. A fissure is a longitudinal tear/wound/ulceration between the dentate line and the anal…
Operative Techniques
Tamponade Anal Canal Print Section Listen Principle Compression and tamponade of the anal canal in case of acute distal hemorrhage as bridging for stabilization until definitive assessment or procedure is…
Evaluation Tools
Liability in Colorectal Surgery Print Section Listen Overview Practice of colorectal surgery opens numerous vulnerabilities for lawsuits: • Failure to timely diagnose disease: eg, colorectal cancer is the second most…
Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
Abdominal Distention Print Section Listen Highlights of the Symptom • Localization/point of origin: peritoneal cavity (ascites, bowel dilation), abdominal wall (hernia, obesity). • Associated symptoms: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and…
Perioperative Management
Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) Print Section Listen Overview Initiative sponsored by several organizations to improve the surgical care and reduce preventable surgical complications (morbidity and mortality). Linked to pay-for-performance…
Nonsurgical Management
Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer Print Section Listen Principle Primary cancer prevention: prophylactic measures to intercept tumor development. Chemoprevention: pharmacologic blocking of intrinsic oncogene- or carcinogen-induced cell proliferation and transformation. Alternatives…
Anatomy and Physiology
Embryologic Colorectal Development Print Section Listen Overview Knowledge of embryologic development facilitates the understanding of congenital malformations and many other disease processes. Embryonic period: first 8 weeks; fetal period: from…
