Mediastinum Primary diagnosis lung cancer: Cytohistological diagnosis of lung cancer, lymph node metastasis, distant mets Mediastinal lymph node staging: histologic proof of N2 or N3 situation (NSCLC); proof of any…
Fig. 3.1 a Visible vessel within a Dieulafoy’s lesion of the antrum. b Endoscopic bleeding control with clip application Mallory-Weiss lesions, esophageal varices, and malignancies within the upper GI tract…
Fig. 2.1 Tools for gastrointestinal dilation. a Savary–Gilliard dilator. b Maloney dilator. c balloon dilator In addition to endoscopic standard equipment, a fluoroscopy unit should be available, even though many…
Grade 1: Any deviation from the normal postoperative course without the need for pharmacological treatment or surgical, endoscopic, and radiological interventions Grade 2: Requiring pharmacological treatment with drugs other than…
Fig. 8.1 Razor blade Fig. 8.2 Drug parcel in the stomach A rigid endoscopy, as used routinely in ENT, is usually not indicated. It should only be applied after failure…
Fig. 9.1 Algorithm for the diagnosis of intestinal Behçet’s disease based on types of ileocolonic ulcerations and clinical manifestations. §Complete, incomplete, and suspected subtypes of systemic BD were classified according…
Fig. 25.1 Typical endoscopic features of ITB (from left to right): deformity and constant opening of the ileocecal valve; irregular transverse ulcers; localized involvement of the ascending colon with transverse…
CD location Upper endoscopy Colonoscopy Abdominal MRI enterography Pelvic MRI Abdominopelvic CT enterographya Upper digestive tract ○ ○ ○ Small bowel ○ ○ Colon and/or rectum ○ ○ ○ Perianal…
Fig. 2.1 Sporadic cancer of the colon. High-definition white-light endoscopy (a), chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine spraying on the target lesion (b), and corresponding narrow-band imaging with magnification (c). Boundary of…
Fig. 14.1 (a) Colonoscopy revealed small white dots with hyperemia in the ascending colon. (b) Colonoscopy revealed loss of the vascular pattern, granular mucosa, and diffuse hyperemia in the sigmoid…
