© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Gideon Hirschfield, David Adams and Evaggelia Liaskou (eds.)Biliary Disease10.1007/978-3-319-50168-0_13 13. Conclusions and Future Opportunities David Adams1 and Evaggelia Liaskou1 (1) Centre for Liver Research NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy,…
Mouse model Presence of AMA Liver phenotype Limitations/Comments Reference Spontaneous models: genetically modified mice dnTGFβRII mice + Lymphoid cell infiltration of portal tracts, bile duct injury, liver fibrosis No information…
Disorder Gender distribution Incidence rates Prevalence rates Extrahepatic biliary atresia Girls > boys Per 10,000 live births: French Polynesia 3.2 Taiwan 1.32–1.65 Japan 1.03–1.08 USA 0.65–0.85 Sweden 0.71 Australia 0.70…
Differential diagnosis Investigation Results Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Level and protein phenotype Low alpha-1 antitrypsin level PiZZ phenotype Hypothyroidism TFT’s Raised TSH Low T4 Hypopituitarism TFT, cortisol, glucose Low TSH, cortisol…
Fig. 5.1 Diagnostic value of microbiome indices in type 2 diabetes and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve to identify type 2 diabetes (left) and primary…
Fig. 1 Being radiopaque the position of the Argus System can be easily verified with a simple XRay after surgery As with all new products, some aspects of the Argus…
Fig. 1 Cartoon of the ProACT devices at the bladder neck Implant and Instruments The implant consists of a silicone elastomer balloon, connected to a self-sealing port by a 2…
Bladder irritants Coffee Sugar Tea Artificial sweetener Honey Chocolate All alcoholic beverages Tomatoes Carbonated beverages Tobacco Caffeinated sodas Citrus fruits and juices Corn syrup Spicy foods Obesity is a well-established…
Fig. 1 Virtue™ male sling. The four arms are covered with polyethylene sleeves. Extending from the ends of each arm are braided polyester sutures, which allow for attachment to the…
Fig. 1 (a, b) Identification of the central tendon after corpus spongiosum mobilization An incision is made approximately 1–2 cm below the adductor longus tendon and lateral to the ischiopubic…
