Global Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Fig. 9.1 GlobalHepatitis B Prevalence 2005 (adults 19–45 years old). Source: J.J. Ott et al./Vaccine 30 (2012) 2212–2219 About 60 % of the global population lives in areas of high…
Hepatitis Delta Virus: Virology and Replication
Fig. 7.1 (a) Schematic representation of the HBV virions, HDV virions, and HBV subviral particles (SVPs). The HBV DNA genome and the HDV RNA genomes are represented as circular molecules….
Towards HBV Eradication: Future Perspective
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Yun-Fan Liaw and Fabien Zoulim (eds.)Hepatitis B Virus in Human DiseasesMolecular and Translational Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-22330-8_20 20. Towards HBV Eradication: Future Perspective Yun-Fan Liaw1 and Fabien Zoulim2, 3, 4 (1) Liver Research Unit, Chang…
Clinical Virology: Diagnosis and Virologic Monitoring
Phase Lab characteristics Acute HBV infection – HBsAg positive <6 months, anti-HBc IgM positive – HBeAg positive, HBV DNA positive – Normal ALT or elevated ALT (symptomatic patients have usually…
Experimental Models: Cell Culture and Animal Models
Fig. 2.1 Comparison of the different in vitro and in vivo systems currently available for HBV research with respect to application and limitation In 2002 a bipotent progenitor cell line,…
IFN-Based Therapy and Management of Patients
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Yun-Fan Liaw and Fabien Zoulim (eds.)Hepatitis B Virus in Human DiseasesMolecular and Translational Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-22330-8_15 15. IFN-Based Therapy and Management of Patients Victor C. K. Lo1 and Harry L. A. Janssen2, 1 (1) Toronto Centre for Liver…
Hepatitis B Virus Immunopathogenesis
Fig. 4.1 Hepatic effector CD8+ T cell accumulation requires platelets that have adhered to liver sinusoids. Confocal micrographs of the liver of a HBV replication-competent transgenic mouse that was injected…
Translational Medicine in Hepatitis B Virus: What Can We Learn from Clinical Samples?
Fig. 8.1 Information derived from the analysis of human samples in viral hepatitis In Vivo Models of HBV Infection: What Do They Mimic? HBV infection causes acute and chronic liver…
Role of the Intestinal Immune System in Health
Fig. 2.1 Two-layers of anti-inflammatory mucosal immune defense preserving the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier. Depiction of the homeostatic mechanisms: (1) Immune exclusion to control epithelial colonization of microorganisms…
Cutaneous and Oral Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• Nail clubbing and palmar erythema • Erythema nodosum • Aphthous ulcers and glossitis • Thrombophlebitis • Perianal fissures, fistulae and abscesses—more severe in Crohn disease than ulcerative colitis • Genital or orofacial Crohn disease • Peri-stomal…
