Fig. 14.1 A flow diagram showing the initial investigations that should be performed for acute pancreatitis. * Smoking is an independent risk factor for AP; † A specific threshold for…
Fig. 34.1 6F cystostome (Endoflex Company) Dilators are required to enlarge the fistula tract following puncture. Bougie (6-7F) or balloon (4–6 mm) dilators such as the Soehendra biliary dilation catheter (Cook…
Fig. 15.1 Pancreatography obtained by ERCP showing a small ventral pancreas (a) and two images showing increasing filling of the dorsal duct via the minor papilla (b, c) Fig. 15.2…
Fig. 8.1 Bismuth and Corlette classification of malignant biliary strictures Targeted unilateral endoscopic drainage using a single stent of MRCP-selected ducts has been associated with a reduced risk of post-ERCP…
Fig. 22.1 Radial echoendoscope Radial echoendoscopes can be subdivided into two types: mechanical and electronic (Table 22.1). The mechanical echoendoscope is the predecessor of the electronic technology and currently Olympus is…
Fig. 5.1 a. ERCP with a smooth eccentric narrowing ( arrows) in the distal biliary tree without evidence of a mobile filling defect or a distinct stone. b. Stent is…
Fig. 10.1 ERCP cholangiogram revealing a variant of a type I choledochal cyst, with cystic dilation of the proximal extrahepatic biliary tree just below the bifurcation. ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography…
Fig. 13.1 Pre-ESWL plain abdominal x-ray image showing multiple small to large stones along the pancreatic duct in the head and body region Fig. 13.2 MRCP showing diffusely dilated pancreatic…
Fig. 11.1 Transabdominal ultrasound showing hyperechoic structure with postacoustic shadowing representing cholelithiasis Questions: 1. Which of the aforementioned liver function test abnormalities are most important for medical decision making for…
Score (points) 1 2 3 No. of polyps 1–4 5–20 > 20 Size (mm) 1–4 5–10 > 10 Histology Tubular Tubulovillous Villous Dysplasia Mild Moderate Severe Stage 0: 0 point, Stage I:…
