Fig. 16.1 Pathophysiology of dumping syndrome and mode of action of different therapeutic agents The rapid emptying of hyperosmolar contents into the small intestine is followed by a fluid shift…
BMI category Treatment 25–26.9 27–29.9 30–34.9 35–39.9 ≥40 Diet, physical activity, and behavior therapy With comorbidities With comorbidities + + + Pharmacotherapy With comorbidities + + + Surgery With…
Fig. 4.1 (a) Fundic gland polyps. (b) Fundic gland polyps on narrow band imaging (NBI); they do not appear to have a bluish cap that most adenomas do Hyperplastic polyps…
Fig. 2.1 The hypothesis of a role of the gut in the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes. A dysfunctional intestinal signal is posited to be involved in the pathophysiology of…
Fig. 1.1 The clasp and sling muscle fibers that make up the lower esophageal reflux barrier in the contracted and relaxed state Fig. 1.2 The anatomic relationship of the gastroesophageal…
Surgical fundoplication 360° Fundoplication (Nissen Fundoplication) 180° Posterior fundoplication (Toupet Fundoplication) 180° Anterior fundoplication (Dor Fundoplication) Posterior gastropexy (Hill Procedure) Transthoracic posterior plication (Belsey Procedure) Endoluminal procedures Radiofrequency application to…
Fig. 8.1 Barium swallow radiographs can be the first indication of an esophageal motility disorder as seen here in this classic corkscrew appearance of diffuse esophageal spasm Hiatal or Paraesophageal…
Fig. 13.1 Diagrammatic illustration of the Collarsling Musculature. ©2001 Corinne Sandone. Reproduced with permission of illustrator Hill Repair Technique Our standard positioning is low dorsal lithotomy with both arms out,…
Fig. 18.1 Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with PTFE mesh reinforcement using keyhole configuration Fig. 18.2 Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with posterior polypropylene mesh Fig. 18.3 There can be a trade-off…
