© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014Gary R. Lichtenstein (ed.)Medical Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis10.1007/978-1-4939-1677-1_14 14. Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, and Mycophenolate Mofetil Andreas Fischer1 and Daniel C. Baumgart1 (1) Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Charité Medical…
Fig. 12.1 Azathioprine (AZA) metabolism. XO xanthine oxidase, 6-TU 6-thiouric acid, and 6-TIMP 6-thioinosine monophosphate An apparent genetic polymorphism has been observed in TPMT activity in both the Caucasian and…
and Javier P. Gisbert1 (1) Department of Gastroenterology, La Princesa University Hospital, Diego de Leon 62, Madrid, 28006, Spain Javier P. Gisbert Email: javier.p.gisbert@gmail.com KeywordsThiopurinesAzathioprineMercaptopurineMethotrexateUlcerative colitis Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a…
Fig. 7.1 Proposed metabolic pathway of 5-ASA after oral administration. The shaded area (large intestine) indicates the site of topical action. Unformulated 5-ASA is absorbed rapidly from the small intestine,…
Fig. 5.1 Variable appearances of mucosa in ulcerative colitis In an effort to quantify the degree of inflammation, a number of different clinical, endoscopic, and composite scoring systems have been…
Fig. 9.1 The mechanism of action of corticosteroids on the immune system Although corticosteroids can suppress inflammatory genes, they also inhibit the transcription of other genes, including osteocalcin, keratin, proopiomelanocortin…
Induction therapy [1, 2] Maintenance therapy Mild • Oral 5-ASA • Topical 5-ASA • Topical steroid • Oral 5-ASA, with or without topical 5-ASA Moderate • Oral 5-ASA •…
7. Crohn BB. An historic note on ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1962;42:366–7.PubMed 8. Bassler A. Ulcerative colitis. Interstate Med J. 1913;20:705–6. 9. Brown J. The value of complete physiological rest of…
Fig. 7.1 Critical view of safety: gentle grasper traction exposes structures in Calot’s triangle Fig. 7.2 Underpassing cystic duct and artery to obtain the critical view of safety avoids bile…
Fig. 12.1 Countries of origin of the authors who have joined our audits 12.3 Expert’s Opinion The authors’ responses were collected and analyzed; a pie chart was produced for each…
