Mutilations of the Clitoris
and Hubert Lepidi1 (1) UER Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France Abstract Although the purpose of our study is the anatomical analysis of the bulbo-clitoral organ, we must also mention the…
Terminology and Related Difficulties
and Hubert Lepidi1 (1) UER Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France Abstract Few organs have involved as many difficulties in relation to their designation and name than the bulbo-clitoral organ and…
Crohn’s Disease
Fig. 19.1 Parks’ classification of fistula-in-ano. Type I, intersphincteric; Type II, transsphincteric; Type III, suprasphincteric; Type IV, extrasphincteric. The terms trans-, supra-, and extra- refer to the external sphincter mass….
Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment (VAAFT)
Fig. 17.1 The Karl Storz video equipment Fig. 17.2 The Meinero fistuloscope Fig. 17.3 The unipolar electrode Fig. 17.4 The endobrush Fig. 17.5 The synthetic cyanoacrylate (GLUBRAN 2, GEM) The…
Classification and Treatment of Anorectal Infections
Fig. 4.1 Obstruction of anal gland at its crypt may result in infection disseminating via three pathways to form abscesses potentially in five anatomic locations (left). These abscesses may form…
Causes of Operative Failure
Fig. 22.1 The impact of various factors on outcome of anal fistula surgery The aim of this chapter is to discuss the causes of operative failure and risk factors for…
Fibrin Sealant
Fig. 11.1 Schematic of classic coagulation cascade During the provisional matrix that forms in the wound during early healing, fibrin becomes coated with vitronectin from the serum and fibronectin derived…
Tuberculosis Fistulas
Fig. 20.1 Histology of a tubercular lesion with caseation, multinucleated giant cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes Pathogenesis An active extrarectal tuberculous lesion or a history of previous infection can usually be…
Synthetic Fistula Plug
Fig. 13.1 Fistula plug placement. The fistula tract is identified and curetted. A silk tie is then placed through the tract. The tie is then affixed to the fistula plug…
Classification and Management Strategies
Type Percent Subcutaneous 10–15 Low anal 60–70 High anal 15 Anorectal ischiorectal pelvic rectal 5 Submucosa, high intermuscular Very rare Fig. 7.1 The classification of anal fistulas. (a) Intersphincteric. (b)…
