Metastatic Rectal Cancer
Author Year Number of patients Therapy RR (%) p-value PFS (mos) p-value OS (mos) p-value 5–FU and leucovorin vs. capecitabine de Gramont [43] 1997 216 Bolus 5-FU/LV 14 0.0004 5.5…
Costs of Rectal Cancer Patient Management
Time definition Perspective No of patients Costs/charges included Cost/charges as reported in original studya Costs/charges in 2014 U.S. $ Lifetime and treatment–phase specific costs Lang et al. [12] Initial:…
The Surgeon’s Perspective on Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation for Rectal Cancer
Fig. 7.1 This MR image shows a T3N1V1 mid rectal tumour with a potentially involved circumferential margin. There is a plaque of high signal intensity in the presacral space. The…
Quality of Life in Rectal Cancer Patients
Fig. 23.1 Conceptual model of QoL (Adapted from the model first devised by Wilson and Cleary [8], and later revised by Ferrans et al. [9]) The way the model works…
Contact X-Ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer
Fig. 8.1 (a) Pretreatment (day 0) T2N0M0; (b) Post treatment (day 14); (c) Post treatment (day 28) after 2 fractions, showing good response (good responder) Fig. 8.2 (a) Malignant rectal…
Locally Advanced Disease
Primary tumor (T) TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumor Tis Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial or invasion of lamina propria T1 Tumor invades submucosa T2…
Genetics, Screening, and Chemoprevention
Fig. 5.1 Schematic of the adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence in the development of colorectal cancer. The primary genes that are mutated related to each step are indicated (See text for abbreviations and…
Patient Surveillance After Curative-Intent Treatment for Rectal Carcinoma
Study, year Surveillance intensity Number of patients randomized Median observation time (months) Overall recurrence rate (%) Number of second bowel cancers Radical reoperation rate (%) 5-year survival rate (%) Ohlsson…
Postoperative Chemoradiation for Rectal Cancer
Trial No. of pts Randomization TME 5 year LR 5 year DFS 5 year OS Remarks GITSG 7175 (GITSG 1985) [2] 227 (i) Surgery alone No 24 % 45 %…
Anorectal Reconstruction
Fig. 16.1 Gracilus wrap around the colon: (a) alpha loop; (b) gamma loop; (c) epsilon loop Graciloplasty is technically easier than gluteoplasty and achieves better functional results [52]. Dynamic graciloplasty…
