Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle, Managing Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Immunizations in Patients with Cirrhosis


Vaccine

Before transplantation

After transplantation

Influenza

Inactivated

Live attenuated

Recommended (yearly)

If inactivated not available (2 weeks before transplantation)

Recommended (yearly)

Not recommended

Hepatitis B

Recommended if seronegative (3–4 high-dose series)

Recommended if seronegative (3–4 high-dose series)

Hepatitis A

Recommended if seronegative

Recommended if seronegative

Tetanus (Td)

Recommended (every 10 years)

Recommended (every 5 years)

Pertussis (Tdap)

Recommended (substituted for Td once)

Recommended (if not previously received)

Inactivated Polio

Recommended

Recommended

S. pneumoniae (PCV13)

Recommended

Recommended

N. meningitidis (MCV4)

Recommended

Recommended

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

Recommended

Recommended

MMR

Live attenuated

Recommended if seronegative (4 weeks before transplantation)

Not recommended

Varicella

Live attenuated (Varivax)

Live attenuated (Zostavax)

Recommended if seronegative (4 weeks before transplantation)

Recommended (4 weeks before transplantation)

Not recommended

Not recommended


MMR measles, mumps, and rubella





References



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Vizzini AaA-MJ. Malnutrition in patients with cirrhosis. In: Keaveny AP, Cardenas A, editors. Complications of cirrhosis evaluation and management. New York: Springer; 2015.


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Fan JG, Cao HX. Role of diet and nutritional management in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28(Suppl 4):81–7.PubMed


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Shiraki M, Nishiguchi S, Saito M, Fukuzawa Y, Mizuta T, Kaibori M, et al. Nutritional status and quality of life in current patients with liver cirrhosis as assessed in 2007–2011. Hepatol Res: Off J Jpn Soc Hepatol. 2013;43(2):106–12.


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Evert AB, Boucher JL, Cypress M, Dunbar SA, Franz MJ, Mayer-Davis EJ, et al. Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(Suppl 1):S120–43.PubMed


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Basaranoglu M, Basaranoglu G, Sabuncu T, Senturk H. Fructose as a key player in the development of fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(8):1166–72.PubMedCentralPubMed


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Vos MB, Lavine JE. Dietary fructose in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2013;57(6):2525–31.PubMed


7.

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8.

Cadden IS, Partovi N, Yoshida EM. Review article: possible beneficial effects of coffee on liver disease and function. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;26(1):1–8.PubMed


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Honjo S, Kono S, Coleman MP, Shinchi K, Sakurai Y, Todoroki I, et al. Coffee consumption and serum aminotransferases in middle-aged Japanese men. J Clin Epidemiol. 2001;54(8):823–9.PubMed


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Carrieri MP, Lions C, Sogni P, Winnock M, Roux P, Mora M, et al. Association between elevated coffee consumption and daily chocolate intake with normal liver enzymes in HIV-HCV infected individuals: results from the ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort study. J Hepatol. 2014;60(1):46–53.PubMed


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Bravi F, Bosetti C, Tavani A, Gallus S, La Vecchia C. Coffee reduces risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol: Off Clin Prac J Am Gastroenterol Assoc. 2013;11(11):1413–21, e1.


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Freedman ND, Everhart JE, Lindsay KL, Ghany MG, Curto TM, Shiffman ML, et al. Coffee intake is associated with lower rates of liver disease progression in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2009;50(5):1360–9.PubMedCentralPubMed


13.

Anty R, Marjoux S, Iannelli A, Patouraux S, Schneck AS, Bonnafous S, et al. Regular coffee but not espresso drinking is protective against fibrosis in a cohort mainly composed of morbidly obese European women with NAFLD undergoing bariatric surgery. J Hepatol. 2012;57(5):1090–6.PubMed


14.

Costentin CE, Roudot-Thoraval F, Zafrani ES, Medkour F, Pawlotsky JM, Mallat A, et al. Association of caffeine intake and histological features of chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 2011;54(6):1123–9.PubMed


15.

Goh GB, Chow WC, Wang R, Yuan JM, Koh WP. Coffee, alcohol and other beverages in relation to cirrhosis mortality: the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Hepatology. 2014;60(2):661–9.PubMed


16.

Jang ES, Jeong SH, Lee SH, Hwang SH, Ahn SY, Lee J, et al. The effect of coffee consumption on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus endemic area. Liver Int: Off J Int Assoc Study Liver. 2013;33(7):1092–9.


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Klatsky AL, Morton C, Udaltsova N, Friedman GD. Coffee, cirrhosis, and transaminase enzymes. Archiv Inter Med. 2006;166(11):1190–5.


18.

Lai GY, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Taylor PR, McGlynn KA, Virtamo J, et al. The association of coffee intake with liver cancer incidence and chronic liver disease mortality in male smokers. Br J Cancer. 2013;109(5):1344–51.PubMedCentralPubMed

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May 30, 2017 | Posted by in GASTROENTEROLOGY | Comments Off on Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle, Managing Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Immunizations in Patients with Cirrhosis

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