Prediction of Complications of Cirrhosis: Molecular Biomarkers

Cirrhosis complication

Biomarker

Potential clinical applicability

Reference

Portal hypertension

FibroTest^TM

Correlates with HVPG degree

[12]

–

Hyaluronic acid

Predicts risk of variceal bleeding

[13]

–

Von Willebrand factor

Correlates with HVPG

[16]

–

IL-1β, IL-1α, Fas-R, and VCAM1

Correlates with HVPG

[18]

–

sCD163

Correlates with HVPG and variceal bleeding risk

[19]

–

CA-125

Correlates with ascites detection and quantification

[22]

Bacterial translocation-infections

Bacterial DNA, LPS

Correlates with bacterial translocation and SBP

[28]

–

C-reactive protein

Likelihood of bacterial infection

[33]

Hepatorenal syndrome

Urinary NGAL

Early marker of AKI

[49]

–

Urinary NGAL, IL-8, KIM-1, L-FABP

Marker of AKI due to ATN

[53]

Hepatic encephalopathy

NH₄

Correlation HE severity

[55]

–

TNFα

Correlation HE severity

[63]

–

lL-6 and IL-18

Minimal HE marker

[62]

–

3-nitro-tyrosine

Minimal HE marker

[59]

HVPG hepatic venous pressure gradient, LPS lipopolysaccharide, SBP spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, AKI acute kidney injury, TNFα tumor necrosis factor α, IL interleukin, VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, CA-125 cancer antigen-125, NGAL neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, KIM-1 kidney injury molecule-1, L-FABP liver-type fatty acid-binding protein, HE hepatic encephalopathy

References

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