Red flags: When to refer for specialist assessment| Symptom/finding | Possible cause | Referral | 
|---|---|---|
| Haematemesis | Variceal or other upper GI bleed | Specialist centre | 
| Bilious vomiting | Volvulus, obstruction | Surgeon | 
| Abdominal distension/tenderness | Peritonitis | Surgeon | 
| Mass | 
