Studies

Patients no

Design

Therapy

Diagnostic method

Outcomes

Unal 2001 [244]

42 infertile men with subclinical varicocele

RCT

Group 1: (n = 21) Clomiphene citrate Group 2 (n = 21) Varicocele repair

CDU

Sperm density and motility significantly improve in group 2 only. PR: in group 1 = 12.5 % and in group 2 = 6.7 % with no statistical significance (p = 0.5)

Pasqualotto 2005 [250]

50 infertile men with varicocele

Prospective controlled

Group I (n = 30): Left-sided grades 2 and 3 varicoceles and absence of contralateral subclinical varicocele; Group II (n = 20): Left-sided grades 2 and III and right subclinical varicocele