Fig. 64.1
Endotrainer with conventional camera needing an assistant
Fig. 64.2
Simple endotrainer with web camera. It does not need an assistant to hold the camera
Fig. 64.3
Dissection exercise using orange, chicken piece etc.
Fig. 64.4
Web camera mounted endotrainer-sideview
Fig. 64.5
Simple knot using c – loop technique
Fig. 64.6
Simple knot using c – loop technique
Fig. 64.7
Technique of tightening the knot (hand instruments moving at 180° to each other)
Fig. 64.8
Method of squaring the knot
Fig. 64.9
Emphasis on ambidexterity (Note two needle holders)
Fig. 64.10
Training using cut Foley catheter (Note the angle in which the needle holder drives the suture)
Fig. 64.11
Training using cut Foley catheter
Fig. 64.12
Approximation akin to urethrovesical suturing
Fig. 64.13
Training with left hand suturing is emphasized
Fig. 64.14
Training with left hand suturing
Fig. 64.15
Technique of back-hand suturing
Fig. 64.16
Technique of throwing knot using needle
Fig. 64.17
Ureterolithotomy model with chicken skin
Fig. 64.18
Extending ureterotomy a little proximally
Fig. 64.19
Stone extraction practiced
Fig. 64.20
Ureterotomy closure with interrupted suture
64.8 Model for Pyeloplasty
Fig. 64.21
Creating a module for pyeloplasty
Fig. 64.22
Ureter spatulated laterally and pelvis spatulated medially
Fig. 64.23
Stenting technique
Fig. 64.24
Technique showing initial apical suture
Fig. 64.25
Technique showing initial apical suture
Fig. 64.26
Subsequent interrupted sutures of posterior layer
Fig. 64.27
Subsequent interrupted sutures of posterior layer
Fig. 64.28
Method of subsequent anterior layer suturing
Fig. 64.29
Method of subsequent anterior layer suturing
Fig. 64.30
If the suture is short, needle may be used to throw a knot
Fig. 64.31
Completed anterior layer suture
Fig. 64.32
Division of UPJ (Pyeloplasty model of animal kidney)
Fig. 64.33
Method of spatulation of upper ureter laterally
Fig. 64.34
Apical suture practiced
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