Interstitial cystitis (IC) is probably the least understood and poorly defined of all urologic diseases. Even the definition of the condition is continually changing. The latest iteration refers to this syndrome as bladder pain syndrome (BPS)/IC, while others refer to it as the painful bladder syndrome (PBS) and reserve the delineation of IC for patients with the typical cystoscopic and histologic features. In all it remains a diagnosis of exclusion with the most commonly recognized symptoms being urgency, frequency, and suprapubic pain on bladder filling in the absence of any other reasonable causation. Hematuria has been reported in 20% to 30% of cases. It is an uncommon disease, primarily of females aged 30 to 70 years. There is a 5:1 female to male preponderance. The etiology of IC remains obscure.