Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis commonly affect women in their childbearing years. Fortunately, advances in the field of inflammatory bowel disease have made successful pregnancy outcomes a reality for many women. These advances have led to family planning as a common discussion between gastroenterologists and inflammatory bowel disease patients. Common discussion topics are fertility, conception, medication safety, pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding although there are limited available data. Education and patient awareness have become vital factors in successful pregnancy outcomes.
Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) commonly affect women in their childbearing years. Fortunately, advances in the field of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have made successful pregnancy outcomes a reality for many women. These advances have led to family planning as a common discussion between gastroenterologists and IBD patients. Fertility, conception, medication safety, pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding are common discussion topics although there are limited available data. With approximately 50% of patients less than 35 years of age at the time of diagnosis and 25% conceiving for the first time after their diagnosis of IBD, education and patient awareness have become vital factors in successful pregnancy outcomes.
Inheritance
Family history is the strongest predictor for developing IBD. A Danish study looking at a population of 5.2 million found that the risk for UC and CD among offspring of patients with IBD was 2 to 13 times higher than the risk within the general population. Another study looking at the lifetime risks for IBD estimated that there was a 5.2% risk for CD and 1.6% risk for UC in first-degree relatives of probands. If both parents have IBD, this risk of their child having IBD has been shown as high as 36%. Although these statistics can be intimidating to patients, it is important to emphasize that IBD is an uncommon condition and not inherited in a true mendelian fashion.