Fig. 1.1
Photograph of a large left varicocele seen through the scrotal skin (left). Illustration of varicose veins on the left spermatic cord as compared to normal sized-veins on the right side (right). (Reprint with permission from Esteves [232])
Table 1.1
Distribution of diagnostic categories in a group of infertile men attending a male infertility clinic. (Source: Androfert, Brazil; [4])
Category | N | % |
---|---|---|
Varicocele | 629 | 26.4 |
Infectious | 72 | 3.0 |
Hormonal | 54 | 2.3 |
Ejaculatory dysfunction | 28 | 1.2 |
Systemic diseases | 11 | 0.4 |
Idiopathic/unexplained | 289 | 12.1 |
Immunologic | 54 | 2.3 |
Obstruction | 359 | 15.1 |
Cancer | 11 | 0.5 |
Cryptorchidism | 342
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