© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Ellen J. Hagopian and Junji Machi (eds.)Abdominal Ultrasound for Surgeons10.1007/978-1-4614-9599-4_2121. Abdominal Ultrasound: Credentialing and Certification
(1)
Department of Surgery, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 2 Medical Park Rd. #306, Columbia, SC 29203, USA
(2)
Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6311 Garners Ferry Road, 29209 Columbia, SC, USA
Introduction
The use of clinical ultrasound as a diagnostic tool by surgeons has rapidly increased over the past two decades. The use of ultrasound has found its way into essentially all of the surgical subspecialties. Ultrasound provides a real-time diagnostic modality that enhances the surgeon’s ability to make therapeutic decisions. Utilization of ultrasound during operative procedures is an extension and expansion of other diagnostic modalities, such as computed tomography. A number of studies have documented that surgeons can perform ultrasound with a high degree of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Other papers have documented that the interpretation of specific ultrasound images by surgeons is equivalent to the high-quality interpretation provided by radiologists and other imaging specialists.
The Credentialing Process
A basic principal of the privileging and credentialing process is that a surgeon must have adequate judgment and excellent training to perform ultrasound with safety and accuracy. However, guidelines for credentialing must be flexible and reasonable. While general guidelines may be applicable to all surgeons, subspecialty differences in practice, ultrasound utilization, and clinical applications must be considered. All surgical ultrasound examinations are not the same in scope, complexity, or difficulty.
Criteria for establishing the standards required for a surgeon to be granted ultrasound privileges should take into account the surgeon’s overall experience and extensive skills obtained through residency and fellowship training and the application of these skills during ongoing patient care activities. Standards should be uniform when considering a surgeon’s application for privileges in ultrasound. Privileges should be considered and granted for each category of ultrasound after a careful process of consideration and a thorough review of the surgeon’s training and experience. While ultrasound principles and instrumentation are similar regardless of the clinical activity, the ability of a surgeon to perform one ultrasound examination in an acceptable fashion does not automatically guarantee competency to perform another type of ultrasound study. For example, skill and certification in performance of the focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) examination do not imply that a surgeon possesses adequate skills in laparoscopic, intraoperative, vascular, or breast ultrasound. Each area of surgical ultrasound has different requirements for training and mandates different skill sets. One size does not fit all.